5/4/3/2/1 NOTES # 10 J
COMMENTS:
*The Amazon River is considered the odyssey of the South American Continent because of all the things that it produces and all the economy that it provides for most of the South American countries.
*”The Amazon jungle is one of the last true frontiers left on Earth. The Amazon basins are nearly the same size as the continental United States”. Page # 244
*Also, the Amazon jungle is situated primarily within the borders of Brazil, but most of the pieces are locate din Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Columbia, Venezuela, and the Guianas.
*Many legends have been crated around the Amazon River, for example, the one that the native created saying that if somebody unknown comes to the river and damages it, this unknown person will never find the way out of the jungle and will vague for the eternity.
*People believe that all the shapes and figures all around the South American continent show the outrageous knowledge that the first civilizations in the history, the predominant race, had during their life period.
QUESTIONS:
*What kind of export is taken from the Amazon River?
*What type of process was used by the natives to fish?
*Are some of the legend in the Amazon River true?
*Why if they were the first civilization, they did not develop the same skills as the Europeans?
VOCABULARY:
*solstice: either one of the two points on the ecliptic at which its distance from the celestial equator is greatest and which is reached by the sun year about June 22 and December 22.
*impending: to hover threateningly.
*misconceptions: intentional wrongdoing.
LITARARY TREMS:
*Script Style: in this last chapters, there is a page between some of the pictures that shows some hieroglyphics supposedly designed by the natives a long time ago.
*Historical Event: besides, in the pictures the routes that the conquerors took to com to the Americas, but specially the routes taken to South America.
SUMMARY:
Throughout the whole story of this book, we have learned that the Native Americans located in the South American Continent were the first civilization in the whole world because of the proves that the “experts” have found during many years. They say that these societies are or were almost 8000 to 10000 older than any other society in the world. In this South American civilizations we can also see the great knowledge they had in their constructions and technology advances, however these groups even though they were older they could not beat the skills of other societies around the world.
Wednesday, December 17, 2008
Sunday, December 14, 2008
5/4/3/2/1 NOTES # 9
COMMENTS:
*Our adventurer is now in Argentina, where he plans to visit Patagonia, Giants in the Earth.
*Patagonia means: "the land of the people with long feet", a title that refers to the stories of the Patagonian giants.
*According to Ferdinand Magellan, when he arrived to Patagonia in 1520, on his way around the world, he saw a extremely large giant, who was so tall that the head of the Spanish scarcely came up to his waist, and none of the Spanish was as tall as the smallest Indian in that tribe.
*In 1615, two crewmen from the Dutch schooner Wilhelm Schouten discovered several skeletons of ten or eleven feet long.
*All these evidence proves that the giants of the Patagonia were real and that somehow they got extinct.
QUESTIONS:
*Is Patagonia only part of Argentina?
*Did the discoverers of the 10 to 11 feet long mummies preserved them?
*Is there any other evidence of the Patagonia Giants?
*How long did the giants live?
VOCABULARY:
*Pouring: to cause to flow in a continuous stream.
*Leisurely: in an unhurried manner.
*Umpteenth: very many.
LITERARY TERMS:
*Images: in chapter number nine, the author again uses pictures and drawings to show how some ancient natives and prehistoric animals lived in the world.
*Symbol: at the very end of chapter nine, there is an image with some colonist killing Patagonian giant, and this colonist has a cross in his armor, which could mean that the Spanish conquered extinct the Patagonian giants.
SUMMARY:
Chapter nine, is basically only describing the Patagonia, the land of the people with long feet, and also describes the giants, saying that there are proves that there were even 10 to 11 feet tall giants, according to a document left by Ferdinand Magellan and other explorers.
COMMENTS:
*Our adventurer is now in Argentina, where he plans to visit Patagonia, Giants in the Earth.
*Patagonia means: "the land of the people with long feet", a title that refers to the stories of the Patagonian giants.
*According to Ferdinand Magellan, when he arrived to Patagonia in 1520, on his way around the world, he saw a extremely large giant, who was so tall that the head of the Spanish scarcely came up to his waist, and none of the Spanish was as tall as the smallest Indian in that tribe.
*In 1615, two crewmen from the Dutch schooner Wilhelm Schouten discovered several skeletons of ten or eleven feet long.
*All these evidence proves that the giants of the Patagonia were real and that somehow they got extinct.
QUESTIONS:
*Is Patagonia only part of Argentina?
*Did the discoverers of the 10 to 11 feet long mummies preserved them?
*Is there any other evidence of the Patagonia Giants?
*How long did the giants live?
VOCABULARY:
*Pouring: to cause to flow in a continuous stream.
*Leisurely: in an unhurried manner.
*Umpteenth: very many.
LITERARY TERMS:
*Images: in chapter number nine, the author again uses pictures and drawings to show how some ancient natives and prehistoric animals lived in the world.
*Symbol: at the very end of chapter nine, there is an image with some colonist killing Patagonian giant, and this colonist has a cross in his armor, which could mean that the Spanish conquered extinct the Patagonian giants.
SUMMARY:
Chapter nine, is basically only describing the Patagonia, the land of the people with long feet, and also describes the giants, saying that there are proves that there were even 10 to 11 feet tall giants, according to a document left by Ferdinand Magellan and other explorers.
5/4/3/2/1 NOTES # 8
COMMENTS:
*The narrator/ writer has made new friend, whose name is Jose. This event takes place in Chile where he arrived in the last chapter.
*Atacameno is a dry and desolate area of Chile, where the only water comes from the Andes snow melt, but it is known as a rich in archaeological sites and lost cities.
*There is evidence that the Huentelaguen, a southern American Indian tribe, lived in southern of California. They say that because of the similarities they have found in the two areas.
*In November 1983, a water company discovered a treasure trove of extremely well preserved mummified human remains in Arica. It was found forty meters under water.
*In this area of the Atacama desert, mummies of 8000,700, and 2600 years older than the Egyptians mummies.
QUESTIONS:
*How can two cultures exist in two different really apart areas?
*How does a human get mummified naturally?
*How did the natives learn to sail?
VOCABULARY:
*Auburn: reddish brown.
*Sight: something seen or worth seeing.
*Foothills: a low hill at near the foot of a mountain or mountain range.
LITERARY TERMS:
*Dialect: the author lets us know some of the words used in Chile to communicate in their own culture, for example, the word shop, which means draught beer.
*Exposition: It is not until now that the narrator lets us know about some details of his life, such as his neighborhood, schools, and some jobs he had.
SUMMARY:
In chapter 8, the author at first talks about his impression of Chile, which is not bad compared with Bolivia. Then he begins talking about the Atacama Desert, where many very ancient mummies have been found, and that even some of these cultures were also found in North America. This is something interesting because the experts say that the natives got there sailing, which sounds really hard to be done by homo sapiens.
COMMENTS:
*The narrator/ writer has made new friend, whose name is Jose. This event takes place in Chile where he arrived in the last chapter.
*Atacameno is a dry and desolate area of Chile, where the only water comes from the Andes snow melt, but it is known as a rich in archaeological sites and lost cities.
*There is evidence that the Huentelaguen, a southern American Indian tribe, lived in southern of California. They say that because of the similarities they have found in the two areas.
*In November 1983, a water company discovered a treasure trove of extremely well preserved mummified human remains in Arica. It was found forty meters under water.
*In this area of the Atacama desert, mummies of 8000,700, and 2600 years older than the Egyptians mummies.
QUESTIONS:
*How can two cultures exist in two different really apart areas?
*How does a human get mummified naturally?
*How did the natives learn to sail?
VOCABULARY:
*Auburn: reddish brown.
*Sight: something seen or worth seeing.
*Foothills: a low hill at near the foot of a mountain or mountain range.
LITERARY TERMS:
*Dialect: the author lets us know some of the words used in Chile to communicate in their own culture, for example, the word shop, which means draught beer.
*Exposition: It is not until now that the narrator lets us know about some details of his life, such as his neighborhood, schools, and some jobs he had.
SUMMARY:
In chapter 8, the author at first talks about his impression of Chile, which is not bad compared with Bolivia. Then he begins talking about the Atacama Desert, where many very ancient mummies have been found, and that even some of these cultures were also found in North America. This is something interesting because the experts say that the natives got there sailing, which sounds really hard to be done by homo sapiens.
5/4/3/2/1 NOTES # 7
COMMENTS:
*The narrator stays alone in South America because his travel mates left and went back to the United States.
*The narrator has an affair with a Aymara Indian woman who he met in his trip to Oruro, in the train he took to Chile.
*Trepanning skulls is the process used to make people's skulls appear long and thin.
*Many of the people who live in Oruro work in plate mines and have a very miserable life.
*In his adventure, the narrator has had many kind of problems, specially now that he is trying to got to Brazil's carnival.
QUESTIONS:
*Is Bolivia a country involved in drugs?
*What is the salary of the people who work in the plate mines?
*What kind of government is there in Bolivia?
*Is Brazil part of the Inca Empire?
VOCABULARY:
*Silicosis: a chronic lung disease caused by inhaling silica dust.
*Spoiled: to damage so as to make useless.
*Junction: a joining or being joined.
*Glitter: to shine brightly; sparkle.
LITERARY TERMS:
*Imagery: the author lets us know how beautiful the girl he has an affair with is when he sees her in the train and describes her.
*Irony: when the narrator is in trouble in the train he has taken, because of the way he describes the anger of the driver, you would think that that the driver will kick the narrator out, however, the completely opposite thing happens, the driver invites the writer to go with him in the principal cabin.
SUMMARY:
During chapter seven, our adventurer stays in South America by himself because his other travel mates have left to the United States. He decides to keep traveling to Brazil for the Brazilian carnival in Rio De Janeiro. First he takes the train from Bolivia to Paraguay, and then to Chile, however it was not all good, as you would think, he also has many problems during his trip. For instance, he could not find tickets to take the train so he was forced to stay in Bolivia, nevertheless, he did not want to stay in Bolivia and he decided to go in the package area, where he later gets in trouble with one of the drivers of the train. Finally he arrives to his destination, Chile.
COMMENTS:
*The narrator stays alone in South America because his travel mates left and went back to the United States.
*The narrator has an affair with a Aymara Indian woman who he met in his trip to Oruro, in the train he took to Chile.
*Trepanning skulls is the process used to make people's skulls appear long and thin.
*Many of the people who live in Oruro work in plate mines and have a very miserable life.
*In his adventure, the narrator has had many kind of problems, specially now that he is trying to got to Brazil's carnival.
QUESTIONS:
*Is Bolivia a country involved in drugs?
*What is the salary of the people who work in the plate mines?
*What kind of government is there in Bolivia?
*Is Brazil part of the Inca Empire?
VOCABULARY:
*Silicosis: a chronic lung disease caused by inhaling silica dust.
*Spoiled: to damage so as to make useless.
*Junction: a joining or being joined.
*Glitter: to shine brightly; sparkle.
LITERARY TERMS:
*Imagery: the author lets us know how beautiful the girl he has an affair with is when he sees her in the train and describes her.
*Irony: when the narrator is in trouble in the train he has taken, because of the way he describes the anger of the driver, you would think that that the driver will kick the narrator out, however, the completely opposite thing happens, the driver invites the writer to go with him in the principal cabin.
SUMMARY:
During chapter seven, our adventurer stays in South America by himself because his other travel mates have left to the United States. He decides to keep traveling to Brazil for the Brazilian carnival in Rio De Janeiro. First he takes the train from Bolivia to Paraguay, and then to Chile, however it was not all good, as you would think, he also has many problems during his trip. For instance, he could not find tickets to take the train so he was forced to stay in Bolivia, nevertheless, he did not want to stay in Bolivia and he decided to go in the package area, where he later gets in trouble with one of the drivers of the train. Finally he arrives to his destination, Chile.
Sunday, December 7, 2008
5/4/3/2/1 NOTES # 6
5-COMMENTS:
*the Incas also had an astronomical belief of Gods, they believed that their lives depended on the position of the stars.
*the inca construction or arquitecture was really impressive, they build bridges between two high mountains, which is something that requires a really advanced knowledge.
*even their roads became highways, these highways are spectacularly built from the top of the mountains and go through the whole empire.
*as shown in page #158, the Inca empire was so organized that it looked hard to conquer, however it is not what happened.
*based on the map on page #159, drew by the Spanish, many of the cities mentioned on the book throughout the story are not labeled in the map.
4-QUESTION:
*how was it possible to the Indians to build all the things they built?
*is there any evidence of tools the Indians could have used before?
*how many time did they take to build one edifice or structure?
*did the Indians emperor have slaves?
3-VOCABULARY:
*burial: the burying of a dead body in a grave or tomb.
*utter: complete, total.
*hydrofoil: such a water craft.
2-LITERARY TERMS:
*Images: In this chapter, the writer uses photographs of many constructions and Gods of the Inca empire.
*Fiction: the author attributes the spectacular knowledge of the Incas to the aliens, which is something not proved yet.
1-SUMMARY:
*In chapter six, is just basically the writer making an allusion to the Inca empire, and not only them, but also all the cultures throughout the whole American Continent, because he shows the pictures and also writes about the smart constructions the Indians used to build during their time.
5-COMMENTS:
*the Incas also had an astronomical belief of Gods, they believed that their lives depended on the position of the stars.
*the inca construction or arquitecture was really impressive, they build bridges between two high mountains, which is something that requires a really advanced knowledge.
*even their roads became highways, these highways are spectacularly built from the top of the mountains and go through the whole empire.
*as shown in page #158, the Inca empire was so organized that it looked hard to conquer, however it is not what happened.
*based on the map on page #159, drew by the Spanish, many of the cities mentioned on the book throughout the story are not labeled in the map.
4-QUESTION:
*how was it possible to the Indians to build all the things they built?
*is there any evidence of tools the Indians could have used before?
*how many time did they take to build one edifice or structure?
*did the Indians emperor have slaves?
3-VOCABULARY:
*burial: the burying of a dead body in a grave or tomb.
*utter: complete, total.
*hydrofoil: such a water craft.
2-LITERARY TERMS:
*Images: In this chapter, the writer uses photographs of many constructions and Gods of the Inca empire.
*Fiction: the author attributes the spectacular knowledge of the Incas to the aliens, which is something not proved yet.
1-SUMMARY:
*In chapter six, is just basically the writer making an allusion to the Inca empire, and not only them, but also all the cultures throughout the whole American Continent, because he shows the pictures and also writes about the smart constructions the Indians used to build during their time.
5/4/3/2/1 NOTES # 5
5-COMMENTS:
*The characters had a discussion about the type of farming that the native Americans in Peru, the Inca Empire, could have use during their time.
*The characters started traveling to Lake Titicaca, which will take them about a day to get there.
*In 1572, when the Spanish arrived to Vilcabamba, they found the city destroyed and burned with no one there but Tupac Amaru, the reigning Inca. They believe that maybe the Indians went to El Gran Paititi.
*El Gran Paititi is a synonymous of El Dorado in Peru for 400 years. Experts believe that there is where El Dorado legend started.
*El Dorado, supposedly in Peru, was the goal of Francisco Pizarro according to the author.
4-QUESTION:
*Did the Spanish find El Dorado?
*who came in 1572?
*is Lake Titicaca one of the largest lakes in the world?
*Is El Dorado just a legend?
3-VOCABULARY:
*summit: the highest point; top.
*mittens: a glove with a thumb but not separately divided fingers.
*lowermost: the most lower.
*encourage: to give support to.
2-LITERARY TERMS:
*DIALOGUE: at the beginning of chapter five, the characters discuss about the farming that they believed could be used by the native Americans.
*Monologue: after the dialogue, one of the characters stays alone and says some lines while he is by himself in the night.
1-SUMMARY:
*In this chapter, chapter five, at the beginning the characters talk about the supposed farming used by the native Americans. Afterwards the author speaks and explains some details about El Dorado, and who wanted to find it , besides they also talked about the arriving of the Spanish in 1572, however most of the time the writer talks about El Dorado.
5-COMMENTS:
*The characters had a discussion about the type of farming that the native Americans in Peru, the Inca Empire, could have use during their time.
*The characters started traveling to Lake Titicaca, which will take them about a day to get there.
*In 1572, when the Spanish arrived to Vilcabamba, they found the city destroyed and burned with no one there but Tupac Amaru, the reigning Inca. They believe that maybe the Indians went to El Gran Paititi.
*El Gran Paititi is a synonymous of El Dorado in Peru for 400 years. Experts believe that there is where El Dorado legend started.
*El Dorado, supposedly in Peru, was the goal of Francisco Pizarro according to the author.
4-QUESTION:
*Did the Spanish find El Dorado?
*who came in 1572?
*is Lake Titicaca one of the largest lakes in the world?
*Is El Dorado just a legend?
3-VOCABULARY:
*summit: the highest point; top.
*mittens: a glove with a thumb but not separately divided fingers.
*lowermost: the most lower.
*encourage: to give support to.
2-LITERARY TERMS:
*DIALOGUE: at the beginning of chapter five, the characters discuss about the farming that they believed could be used by the native Americans.
*Monologue: after the dialogue, one of the characters stays alone and says some lines while he is by himself in the night.
1-SUMMARY:
*In this chapter, chapter five, at the beginning the characters talk about the supposed farming used by the native Americans. Afterwards the author speaks and explains some details about El Dorado, and who wanted to find it , besides they also talked about the arriving of the Spanish in 1572, however most of the time the writer talks about El Dorado.
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